physician reviewing lab results with patient

LABORATORY VALUES

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SERUMReference RangeSI Reference Intervals
General Chemistry:
Electrolytes  
Sodium (Na+)136–146 mEq/L136–146 mmol/L
Potassium (K+)3.5–5.0 mEq/L3.5–5.0 mmol/L
Chloride (CI-)95–105 mEq/L95–105 mmol/L
Bicarbonate (HCO3-)22–28 mEq/L22–28 mmol/L
Urea nitrogen7–18 mg/dL2.5–6.4 mmol/L
Creatinine0.6–1.2 mg/dL53–106 µmol/L
GlucoseFasting: 70–100 mg/dL 
Random, non-fasting: <140 mg/dL		3.8–5.6 mmol/L
<7.77 mmol/L
Calcium8.4–10.2 mg/dL2.1–2.6 mmol/L
Magnesium (Mg2+)1.5–2.0 mg/dL0.75–1.0 mmol/L
Phosphorus (inorganic)3.0–4.5 mg/dL1.0–1.5 mmol/L
Hepatic:
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)10–40 U/L10–40 U/L
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)12–38 U/L12–38 U/L
Alkaline phosphatase25–100 U/L25–100 U/L
Bilirubin, total // direct0.1–1.0 mg/dL // 0.0–0.3 mg/dL2–17 µmol/L // 0–5 µmol/L
Proteins, total6.0–7.8 g/dL60–78 g/L
Albumin3.5–5.5 g/dL35–55 g/L
Globulin2.3–3.5 g/dL23–35 g/L
Other, serum:
Amylase25–125 U/L25–125 U/L
Lipase13–60 U/L13–60 U/L
Creatinine clearanceMale: 97–137 mL/min
Female: 88–128 mL/min		97–137 mL/min
88–128 mL/min
Creatine kinaseMale: 25–90 U/L
Female: 10–70 U/L		25–90 U/L
10–70 U/L
Lactate dehydrogenase45–200 U/L45–200 U/L
Osmolality275–295 mOsmol/kg H2O275–295 mOsmol/kg H2O
Troponin I≤0.04 ng/mL≤0.04 µg/L
Uric Acid3.0–8.2 mg/dL0.18–0.48 mmol/L
Lipids:
Cholesterol  
TotalNormal: <200 mg/dL
High: >240 mg/dL		<5.2 mmol/L
>6.2 mmol/L
HDL40–60 mg/dL1.0–1.6 mmol/L
LDL<160 mg/dL<4.2 mmol/L
TriglyceridesNormal: <150 mg/dL
Borderline: 151–199 mg/dL		<1.70 mmol/L
1.71–2.25 mmol/L
Iron Studies:
FerritinMale: 20–250 ng/mL
Female: 10–120 ng/mL		20–250 µg/L
10–120 µg/L
IronMale: 65–175 µg/dL
Female: 50–170 µg/dL		11.6–31.3 µmol/L
9.0–30.4 µmol/L
Total iron-binding capacity250–400 µg/dL44.8–71.6 µmol/L
Transferrin200–360 mg/dL2.0–3.6 g/L
Endocrine:
Follicle-stimulating hormoneMale: 4–25 mIU/mL
Female: premenopause 4–30 mIU/mL
midcycle peak 10–90 mIU/mL
postmenopause 40–250 mIU/mL		4–25 IU/L
4–30 IU/L
10–90 IU/L
40–250 IU/L
Luteinizing hormoneMale: 6–23 mIU/mL
Female: follicular phase 5–30 mIU/mL
midcycle 75–150 mIU/mL
postmenopause 30–200 mIU/mL		6–23 IU/L
5–30 IU/L
75–150 IU/L
30–200 IU/L
Growth hormone - arginine stimulationFasting: <5 ng/mL
Provocative stimuli: >7 ng/mL		<5 µg/L
>7 µg/L
Prolactin (hPRL)Male: <17 ng/mL
Female: <25 ng/mL		<17 µg/L
<25 µg/L
Cortisol0800 h: 5–23 µg/dL
1600 h: 3–15 µg/dL
2000 h: <50% of 0800 h		138–635 nmol/L
82–413 nmol/L
Fraction of 0800 h: <0.50
TSH0.4–4.0 µU/mL0.4–4.0 mIU/L
Triiodothyronine (T3) (RIA)100–200 ng/dL1.5–3.1 nmol/L
Triiodothyronine (T3) resin uptake25%–35%0.25–0.35
Thyroxine (T4)5–12 µg/dL64–155 nmol/L
Free T40.9–1.7 ng/dL12.0–21.9 pmol/L
Thyroidal iodine (123I) uptake8%–30% of administered dose/24 h0.08–0.30/24 h
Intact PTH10–60 pg/mL10–60 ng/L
17-HydroxycorticosteroidsMale: 3.0–10.0 mg/24 h
Female: 2.0–8.0 mg/24 h		8.2–27.6 µmol/24 h
5.5–22.0 µmol/24 h
17-Ketosteroids, totalMale: 8–20 mg/24 h
Female: 6–15 mg/24 h		28–70 µmol/24 h
21–52 µmol/24 h
Immunoglobulins:
IgA76–390 mg/dL0.76–3.90 g/L
IgE0–380 IU/mL0–380 kIU/L
IgG650–1500 mg/dL6.5–15.0 g/L
IgM50–300 mg/dL0.5–3.0 g/L

SERUM

General Chemistry:

Electrolytes

  • Sodium (Na+)
    • Reference Range
      136–146 mEq/L
    • SI Reference Intervals
      136–146 mmol/L
  • Potassium (K+)
    • Reference Range
      3.5–5.0 mEq/L
    • SI Reference Intervals
      3.5–5.0 mmol/L
  • Chloride (CI-)
    • Reference Range
      95–105 mEq/L
    • SI Reference Intervals
      95–105 mmol/L
  • Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
    • Reference Range
      22–28 mEq/L
    • SI Reference Intervals
      22–28 mmol/L

Urea nitrogen

  • Reference Range
    7–18 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    2.5–6.4 mmol/L

Creatinine

  • Reference Range
    0.6–1.2 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    53–106 µmol/L

Glucose

  • Reference Range
    Fasting: 70–100 mg/dL
    Random, non-fasting: <140 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Fasting: 3.8–5.6 mmol/L 
    Random, non-fasting: <7.77 mmol/L

Calcium

  • Reference Range
    8.4–10.2 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    2.1–2.6 mmol/L

Magnesium (Mg2+)

  • Reference Range
    1.5–2.0 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.75–1.0 mmol/L

Phosphorus (inorganic)

  • Reference Range
    3.0–4.5 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    1.0–1.5 mmol/L

Hepatic:

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

  • Reference Range
    10–40 U/L
  • SI Reference Intervals
    10–40 U/L

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

  • Reference Range
    12–38 U/L
  • SI Reference Intervals
    12–38 U/L

Alkaline phosphatase

  • Reference Range
    25–100 U/L
  • SI Reference Intervals
    25–100 U/L

Bilirubin, total // direct

  • Reference Range
    0.1–1.0 mg/dL // 0.0–0.3 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    2–17 µmol/L // 0–5 µmol/L

Proteins, total

  • Reference Range
    6.0–7.8 g/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    60–78 g/L
     
  • Albumin
    • Reference Range
      3.5–5.5 g/dL
    • SI Reference Intervals
      35–55 g/L
  • Globulin
    • Reference Range
      2.3–3.5 g/dL
    • SI Reference Intervals
      23–35 g/L

Other, serum:

Amylase

  • Reference Range
    25–125 U/L
  • SI Reference Intervals
    25–125 U/L  

Lipase

  • Reference Range
    13–60 U/L
  • SI Reference Intervals
    30–60 U/L
     
  • Creatinine clearance
    • Reference Range
      Male: 97–137 mL/min
      Female: 88–128 mL/min
    • SI Reference Intervals
      Male: 97–137 mL/min
      Female: 88–128 mL/min
  • Creatine kinase
    • Reference Range
      Male: 25–90 U/L
      Female: 10–70 U/L
    • SI Reference Intervals
      Male: 25–90 U/L
      Female: 10–70 U/L
  • Lactate dehydrogenase
    • Reference Range
      45–200 U/L
    • SI Reference Intervals
      45–200 U/L
  • Osmolality
    • Reference Range
      275–295 mOsmol/kg H2O
    • SI Reference Intervals
      275–295 mOsmol/kg H2O
  • Troponin I
    • Reference Range
      ≤0.04 ng/mL
    • SI Reference Intervals
      ≤0.04 µg/L
  • Uric acid
    • Reference Range
      3.0–8.2 mg/dL
    • SI Reference Intervals
      0.18–0.48 mmol/L

Lipids:

Cholesterol

  • Total
    • Reference Range
      Normal: <200 mg/dL
      High: >240 mg/dL
    • SI Reference Intervals
      Normal: <5.2 mmol/L
      High: >6.2 mmol/L
  • HDL
    • Reference Range
      40–60 mg/dL
    • SI Reference Intervals
      1.0–1.6 mmol/L
  • LDL
    • Reference Range
      <160 mg/dL
    • SI Reference Intervals
      <4.2 mmol/L

Triglycerides

  • Reference Range
    Normal: <150 mg/dL
    Borderline: 151–199 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Normal: <1.70 mmol/L
    Borderline: 1.71–2.25 mmol/L

Iron Studies:

Ferritin

  • Reference Range
    Male: 20–250 ng/mL
    Female: : 10–120 ng/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 20–250 µg/L
    Female: 10–120 µg/L

Iron

  • Reference Range
    Male: 65–175 µg/dL
    Female: 50–170 µg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 11.6–31.3 µmol/L
    Female: 9.0–30.4 µmol/L

Total iron-binding capacity

  • Reference Range
    250–400 µg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    44.8–71.6 µmol/L

Transferrin

  • Reference Range
    200–360 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    2.0–3.6 g/L

Endocrine:

Follicle-stimulating hormone

  • Reference Range
    Male: 4–25 mIU/mL
    Female: premenopause 4–30 mIU/mL
    midcycle peak 10–90 mIU/mL
    postmenopause 40–250 mIU/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 4–25 IU/L
    Female: premenopause 4–30 IU/L
    midcycle peak 10–90 IU/L
    postmenopause 40–250 IU/L

Luteinizing hormone

  • Reference Range
    Male: 6–23 mIU/mL
    Female: follicular phase 5–30 mIU/mL
    midcycle 75–150 mIU/mL
    postmenopause 30–200 mIU/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 6–23 IU/L
    Female: follicular phase 5–30 IU/L
    midcycle 75–150 IU/L
    postmenopause 30–200 IU/L

Growth hormone - arginine stimulation

  • Reference Range
    Fasting: <5 ng/mL
    Provocative stimuli: >7 ng/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Fasting: <5 µg/L
    Provocative stimuli: >7 µg/L

Prolactin (hPRL)

  • Reference Range
    Male: <17 ng/mL
    Female: <25 ng/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: <17 µg/L
    Female: <25 µg/L

Cortisol

  • Reference Range
    0800 h: 5–23 µg/dL
    1600 h: 3–15 µg/dL
    2000 h: <50% of 0800 h
  • SI Reference Intervals
    138–635 nmol/L
    82–413 nmol/L
    Fraction of 0800 h: <0.50

TSH

  • Reference Range
    0.4–4.0 µU/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.4–4.0 mIU/L

Triiodothyronine (T3) (RIA)

  • Reference Range
    100–200 ng/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    1.5–3.1 nmol/L

Triiodothyronine (T3) resin uptake

  • Reference Range
    25%–35%
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.25–0.35

Thyroxine (T4)

  • Reference Range
    5–12 µg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    64–155 nmol/L

Free T4

  • Reference Range
    0.9–1.7 ng/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    12.0–21.9 pmol/L

Thyroidal iodine (123I) uptake

  • Reference Range
    8%–30% of administered dose/24 h
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.08–0.30/24 h

Intact PTH

  • Reference Range
    10–60 pg/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    10–60 ng/L

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids

  • Reference Range
    Male: 3.0–10.0 mg/24 h
    Female: 2.0–8.0 mg/24 h
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 8.2–27.6 µmol/24 h
    Female: 5.5–22.0 µmol/24 h

17-Ketosteroids, total

  • Reference Range
    Male: 8–20 mg/24 h
    Female: 6–15 mg/24 h
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 28–70 µmol/24 h
    Female: 21–52 µmol/24 h

Immunoglobulins:

IgA

  • Reference Range
    76–390 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.76–3.90 g/L

IgE

  • Reference Range
    0–380 IU/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0–380 kIU/L

IgG

  • Reference Range
    650–1500 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    6.5–15.0 g/L

IgM

  • Reference Range
    50–300 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.5–3.0 g/L
GASES, ARTERIAL BLOOD (ROOM AIR)Reference RangeSI Reference Intervals
PO275–105 mm Hg10.0–14.0 kPa
PCO233–45 mm Hg4.4–5.9 kPa
pH7.35–7.45[H⁺] 36–44 nmol/L

GASES, ARTERIAL BLOOD (ROOM AIR)

PO2

  • Reference Range
    75–105 mm Hg
  • SI Reference Intervals
    10.0–14.0 kPa

PCO2

  • Reference Range
    33–45 mm Hg
  • SI Reference Intervals
    4.4–5.9 kPa

pH

  • Reference Range
    7.35–7.45
  • SI Reference Intervals
    [H⁺] 36–44 nmol/L
CEREBROSPINAL FLUIDReference RangeSI Reference Intervals
Cell count0–5/mm30–5 × 106/L
Chloride118–132 mEq/L118–132 mmol/L
Gamma globulin3%–12% total proteins0.03–0.12
Glucose40–70 mg/dL2.2–3.9 mmol/L
Pressure70–180 mm H2O70–180 mm H2O
Proteins, total<40 mg/dL<0.40 g/L

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

Cell count

  • Reference Range
    0–5/mm3
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0–5 × 106/L

Chloride

  • Reference Range
    118–132 mEq/L
  • SI Reference Intervals
    118–132 mmol/L

Gamma globulin

  • Reference Range
    3%–12% total proteins
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.03–0.12

Glucose

  • Reference Range
    40–70 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    2.2–3.9 mmol/L

Pressure

  • Reference Range
    70–180 mm H2O
  • SI Reference Intervals
    70–180 mm H2O

Proteins, total

  • Reference Range
    <40 mg/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    <0.40 g/L
HEMATOLOGICReference RangeSI Reference Intervals
Complete Blood Count:
Hematocrit Male: 41%–53%
Female: 36%–46%		0.41–0.53
0.36–0.46
Hemoglobin, blood Male: 13.5–17.5 g/dL
Female: 12.0–16.0 g/dL		135–175 g/L
120–160 g/L
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)25–35 pg/cell0.39–0.54 fmol/cell
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin conc. (MCHC)31%–36% Hb/cell4.8–5.6 mmol Hb/L
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)80–100 µm380–100 fL
Volume  
PlasmaMale: 25–43 mL/kg
Female: 28–45 mL/kg		0.025–0.043 L/kg
0.028–0.045 L/kg
Red cell Male: 20–36 mL/kg
Female: 19–31 mL/kg		0.020–0.036 L/kg
0.019–0.031 L/kg
Leukocyte count (WBC)4500–11,000/mm34.5–11.0 × 109/L
Neutrophils, segmented54%–62%0.54–0.62
Neutrophils, bands3%–5%0.03–0.05
Lymphocytes25%–33%0.25–0.33
Monocytes3%–7%0.03–0.07
Eosinophils1%–3%0.01–0.03
Basophils0%–0.75%0.00–0.0075
Platelet count150,000–400,000/mm3150–400 × 109/L
Coagulation:
Partial thromboplastin time (PTT/aPTT) (activated)25–40 seconds25–40 seconds
Prothrombin time (PT)11–15 seconds11–15 seconds
D-Dimer≤250 ng/mL≤1.4 nmol/L
Other, Hematologic:
Reticulocyte count0.5%–1.5%0.005–0.015
Erythrocyte count (RBC)Male: 4.3–5.9 million/mm3
Female: 3.5–5.5 million/mm3		4.3–5.9 × 1012/L
3.5–5.5 × 1012/L
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren)Male: 0–15 mm/h
Female: 0–20 mm/h		0–15 mm/h
0–20 mm/h
CD4+ T-lymphocyte count≥500/mm3≥0.5 × 109/L
Endocrine:
Hemoglobin A1c≤6%≤42 mmol/mol

HEMATOLOGIC

Complete Blood Count:

Hematocrit

  • Reference Range
    Male: 41%–53%
    Female: 36%–46%
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 0.41–0.53
    Female: 0.36–0.46

Hemoglobin, blood

  • Reference Range
    Male: 13.5–17.5 g/dL
    Female: 12.0–16.0 g/dL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 135–175 g/L
    Female: 120–160 g/L

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)

  • Reference Range
    25–35 pg/cell
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.39–0.54 fmol/cell

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

  • Reference Range
    31%–36% Hb/cell
  • SI Reference Intervals
    4.8–5.6 mmol Hb/L

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

  • Reference Range
    80–100 µm3
  • SI Reference Intervals
    80–100 fL

Volume

  • Plasma
    • Reference Range
      Male: 25–43 mL/kg
      Female: 28–45 mL/kg
    • SI Reference Intervals
      Male: 0.025–0.043 L/kg
      Female: 0.028–0.045 L/kg
  • Red cell
    • Reference Range
      Male: 20–36 mL/kg
      Female: 19–31 mL/kg
    • SI Reference Intervals
      Male: 0.020–0.036 L/kg
      Female: 0.019–0.031 L/kg

Leukocyte count (WBC)

  • Reference Range
    4500–11,000/mm3
  • SI Reference Intervals
    4.5–11.0 × 109/L
     
  • Neutrophils, segmented
    • Reference Range
      54%–62%
    • SI Reference Intervals
      0.54–0.62
  • Neutrophils, bands
    • Reference Range
      3%–5%
    • SI Reference Intervals
      0.03–0.05
  • Lymphocytes
    • Reference Range
      25%–33%
    • SI Reference Intervals
      0.25–0.33
  • Monocytes
    • Reference Range
      3%–7%
    • SI Reference Intervals
      0.03–0.07
  • Eosinophils
    • Reference Range
      1%–3%
    • SI Reference Intervals
      0.01–0.03
  • Basophils
    • Reference Range
      0%–0.75%
    • SI Reference Intervals
      0.00–0.0075

Platelet count

  • Reference Range
    150,000–400,000/mm3
  • SI Reference Intervals
    150–400 × 109/L

Coagulation:

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT/aPTT) (activated)

  • Reference Range
    25–40 seconds
  • SI Reference Intervals
    25–40 seconds

Prothrombin time (PT)

  • Reference Range
    11–15 seconds
  • SI Reference Intervals
    11–15 seconds

D-Dimer

  • Reference Range
    ≤250 ng/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    ≤1.4 nmol/L

Other, Hematologic:

Reticulocyte count

  • Reference Range
    0.5%–1.5%
  • SI Reference Intervals
    0.005–0.015

Erythrocyte count (RBC)

  • Reference Range
    Male: 4.3–5.9 million/mm3
    Female: 3.5–5.5 million/mm3
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 4.3–5.9 × 1012/L
    Female: 3.5–5.5 × 1012/L

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren)

  • Reference Range
    Male: 0–15 mm/h
    Female: 0–20 mm/h
  • SI Reference Intervals
    Male: 0–15 mm/h
    Female: 0–20 mm/h

CD4+ T-lymphocyte count

  • Reference Range
    ≥500/mm3
  • SI Reference Intervals
    ≥0.5 × 109/L

Endocrine:

Hemoglobin A1c

  • Reference Range
    ≤6%
  • SI Reference Intervals
    ≤42 mmol/mol
URINEReference RangeSI Reference Intervals
Calcium100–300 mg/24 h2.5–7.5 mmol/24 h
Osmolality50–1200 mOsmol/kg H2O50–1200 mOsmol/kg H2O
Oxalate8–40 μg/mL90–445 μmol/L
Proteins, total<150 mg/24 h<0.15 g/24 h

URINE

Calcium

  • Reference Range
    100–300 mg/24 h
  • SI Reference Intervals
    2.5–7.5 mmol/24 h

Osmolality

  • Reference Range
    50–1200 mOsmol/kg H2O
  • SI Reference Intervals
    50–1200 mOsmol/kg H2O

Oxalate

  • Reference Range
    8–40 μg/mL
  • SI Reference Intervals
    90–445 μmol/L

Proteins, total

  • Reference Range
    <150 mg/24 h
  • SI Reference Intervals
    <0.15 g/24 h
BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)Adult: 19–25 kg/m2

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) 

  • Reference Range
    Adult: 19–25 kg/m2
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